IoT-driven fuzzy approach to sustainable smart waste management: Integrating CRITIC-EDAS with q-Rung orthopair Z-numbers and Aczel-Alsina operations


Abstract

Smart waste management (SWM) faces key challenges such as high operational costs, complex real-time monitoring, data management issues, and uncertain environmental impacts. The existing models fail to address these challenges due to a lack of reliability and sustainability concerns. A hybrid approach of Internet of Things (IoT) and fuzzy modeling becomes essential to deal with these complex and uncertain issues in SWM. To address these concerns, this study introduces $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy Z-numbers ($q$-ROFZNs) with novel Aczél–Alsina–based aggregation operators for improved uncertainty modeling in multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). Criteria weights are established objectively by employing the "Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation" (CRITIC) method, while the alternative ranking order method uses with "Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution" (EDAS) method. An IoT-driven CRITIC-EDAS algorithm is proposed for efficient SWM in Hamburg, effectively identifying practical and sustainable solutions. The method accounts for critical risk assessment factors such as safety, economic repercussions, occurrence, and detection. Furthermore, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed framework are validated through sensitivity and comparative analyses, providing meaningful guidance for policymakers and advancing urban sustainability planning.
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